Basically, I try to acknowledge them and accept them as they come and try to keep some distance from them. You can have a thought without giving it any power or weight. Which sounds hard and is a bit complicated at first and is a bit circular. But for example, if I am panicking, and I start thinking something like, "oh no I am panicking, I'm not supposed to be panicking," that is going to make it worse and likely make me panic even more. Where if I think something like, "oh no, I am panicking. Yup, this is happening, okay," I'm much more likely to be able to calm myself down. It's sort of about taking away the judgement associated with the thoughts and just acknowledging that yes the thoughts exist, and they can just come and go without you doing anything about them.
It's part of something called ACT if you want to have a google. One of the big things is cognitive defusion, and the biggest metaphor/thing we used for it is the leaves on a stream exercise. I think I've posted it on here before but may have deleted it.
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