Wales is pretty much similar to England.
Basically, from ages 4-11 you go to primary school.
From ages 11-16 you go to a secondary school (also called high school). At age 16, you take GCSE's.
Aged 16, education is no longer complusory, and you can leave secondary school. Some schools (not all though) have sixth form, where you can attend for 2 years, and gain qualifications known as A Levels. A Levels are particularly useful if you want to go to university.
If you dont want to go onto Sixth form (or your school doesnt have one), then people go to college. College here offer a wide variety of courses, and some specialise (for example an Agricultural college offers animal courses and farming related courses, and would have animals - both large and small - on site), including vocational courses/qualifications. They also offer A Levels and GCSE's too, usually in a wide range of subjects, which a sixth form may not offer (generally speaking sixth form offer about 8 subjects whereas a college may offer 30. This is roughly speaking it depends on the size of the college/school). College courses run for 2 years, though some courses do only run for a year.
Some schools in Wales and England offer Baccularates, which I dont know much about. It's not complusory to take Baccularates, and not all schools offer them. These are generally taken after age 16.
After taking A Levels, people either go and get a job, or alternatively, progress to University. There are also University Colleges, which differ slightly to Universities (and award different degrees), but I am not too sure about that, so someone else can explain.
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